Martin Luther Essay - 1217 Words

Martin Luther Martin Luther was a German theologian and religious reformer, who started the Protestant Reformation, and whose vast influence during his time period made him one of the crucial figures in modern European history. Luther was born in Eisleben on November 10, 1483 and was descended from the peasantry, a fact that he often stressed. Hans Luther, his father, was a copper miner. Luther received a sound primary and secondary education at Mansfeld, Magdeburg, and Eisenach. In 1501, at the age of 17, he enrolled at the University of Erfurt, receiving a bachelors degree in 1502 and a masters degree in 1505 . He then intended to study law, as his father had wished. In the summer of 1505, he abandoned his studies and his law plans,†¦show more content†¦Both the exact date and the location of this experience have been a matter of controversy among scholars, but the event was crucial in Luthers life, because it turned him decisively against some of the major tenets of the Catholic church. Luther became a public and controversial figure when he published his Ninety-Five Theses on October 31, 1517. His main purpose of writing the theses was to show his opposition for the corruption and wealth of the papacy and to state his belief that salvation would be granted on the basis of faith alone rather then by works. Although it is generally believed that Luther nailed these theses to the door of All Saints Church in Wittenberg, some scholars have questioned this story, which does not occur in any of his own writings. Regardless of the manner in which his propositions were made public, they caused great excitement and were immediately translated into German and widely distributed . Luthers spirited defense and further development of his position through public university debates in Wittenberg and other cities resulted in an investigation by the Roman Curia that led to the condemnation of his teachings and his excommunication. Summoned to appear before Charles V at the Diet of Worms in April 1521, he was asked before the assembled secular and ecclesiastical rulers to recant. He refused firmly,Show MoreRelatedLuther, By Martin Luther1221 Words   |  5 PagesMartin Luther, born in 1483, grew up in a devout Roman Catholic household, where the church stood at the center of his world. However, he suffered at the hand of his parents’ harsh criticism. His father had emerged from the feudal system into the new middle class as a successful Coppersmith. His desire was for his son to also climb the social ladder. To assist with his son’s success, Luther’s father was a fierce judge of the character of his son, and often punished him severely for his failures.Read MoreThe Story Of Martin Luther898 Words   |  4 PagesThe story of Martin Luther life . Martin Luther was born in the town of Eisleben in east-central Germany. We should however speak of Germany as it was spoken of it that era, because Germany was a geographical expression used in the Middle Ages, so instead of saying Germany the correct expression would be German lands. These lands were divided again and again .they were also ruled and misruled by many princes in the land. The princes rich or poor would compete with each other for the most local powerRead MoreMartin Luther And The Catholic1550 Words   |  7 Pagestransformation, but Martin Luther is one of the more significant figures. This paper is about how Martin Luther, a catholic German Monk, played a substantial role in influencing the religion of that time and initiated the Protestant Reformation. Martin Luther affected the Catholic Church, which was the major religion in Europe at the time, with his deep-seated beliefs on indulgences and how you can find your own salvation without aid of the Catholic Church or the Pope. After Martin Luther was tried atRead MoreThe Legacy Of Martin Luther915 Words   |  4 Pages Martin Luther was a big deal in history. He had a big part in the reformation. Priests would take your money by telling you that you could get rid of your sin if you paid them. Martin knew that it was all a scam. He started going up against the priests, and telling the people that it was a scam. You could ask for forgiveness from God on your own for free. He fought for what he believed, and he made a good impact in history. Luther was a born in a peasant family. His father worked hard to keepRead MoreThe 95 Theses By Martin Luther982 Words   |  4 PagesFor this essay, I chose the 95 Theses by Martin Luther as my primary source. This primary source is a historical document that cause major uproars throughout Europe. The 95 Theses were written by Martin Luther in October of 1517. The 95 Theses were ninety-five statements written by Martin Luther in opposition to the Roman Catholic Church. They challenged the common practices of the Catholic Church, including indulgences and the authority of the pope. The 95 Theses sparked a theological debate thatRead MoreThe Legacy Of Martin Luther1719 Words   |  7 PagesIntroduction Martin Luther grew up in a home with very strict parents. As a result, Luther’s childhood was plagued with anxiety at home and at school. Because his father planned for him to become a lawyer, shortly after receiving a Master of Arts degree from Erfurt University he returned to the university to study law. Consequently, after a life threatening experience in a storm, Luther left the university and joined a monastery. In 1505, Luther became an Augustinian monk and subsequently becameRead MoreImpact of Martin Luther1060 Words   |  5 PagesLuther was a German patriot. He was never a nationalist in the modern sense of the word. Luther was, above all, a pastor, professor of theology and iconic figure of the Protestant Reformation. Luther has been variously identified as an advocate of absolute monarchy, democracy, individual freedom, intellectual repression, nationalism, internationalism, spirituality and secularism. He was a religious figure; his battles were fought ov er theological issues that may seem to us obscure but whoseRead MoreThe Death Of Martin Luther1013 Words   |  5 Pages Martin Luther was born in Germany on November 10th, 1483. He was the son of Hans and Margarette Luther. In 1501 Martin entered the University of Erurt where he received a master of arts degree. He got a degree in grammar, logic, rhetoric and metaphysics which seemed as if he was becoming a lawyer. In 1505, Luther went through some life changing experiences which led him on a new course. He got caught in a storm where he plead out to St. Anne, Save me, St. Anne, and I have become a monkRead MoreThe Life of Martin Luther1037 Words   |  5 PagesMartin Luther was a man who impacted the world’s society and history. He marked the beginning of the Protestant Reformation, which changed the course of Christianity forever. He was a powerful man of God, who reformed the corrupt Catholic Church, rediscovered the Living Word of God, and restored many authentic Christian doctrines. Luther was a man who changed the world. Martin Luther was born in Eisleben, Germany on November 10, 1483 to a middle-class family. During his childhood, two of his brothersRead MoreEssay on Martin Luther1918 Words   |  8 Pages The year 1483 certainly was not the best of times and arguably not the worst of times but it was a notable time in that the birth of one Martin Luther did occur and the re-birth of Christendom was not far away. Eisleben, Germany is noted as the birthplace of young Martin Luther just ten days into November. Germany at that time was a place of emperors, princes, princelings, nobles, lords and knights. A place once called the Holy Roman Empire of the German Nation. A place that had no qualms with poverty

Alkylation agents as Chemotherapeutic agents Free Essays

Chemotherapy simply means the use of chemicals to treat disease by destroying microorganism or cancerous or tumor cells. Generally, chemotherapy acts by destroying rapidly dividing cells although the mechanism that leads to this differs. Several divisions of chemotherapy agents exist such as the anti-metabolites, plant alkaloids the topoisomerase inhibitors, anthracyclines and alkylation agents which are discussed in this paper. We will write a custom essay sample on Alkylation agents as Chemotherapeutic agents or any similar topic only for you Order Now Generally, alkylation agents work by addition of alkyl groups to the guanine of DNA molecule at number 7 atom of imidazole group (Siddik, 2002). Alkylation agent’s significance The name originates from their ability to alkylate several nuclophilic functional categories in certain cellular conditions . Examples of alkylation agents are carboplatin, oxaliplatin and cisplatin that work by covalent bond formation with specific carboxyl, sulphurhydril and phosphate groups in molecules of biological importance (Siddik, 2002). These are regarded as platinum-based alkylation agents. These platinum based alkylation agent are divided into first, second and third generations made up of cisplatin,caboplatin and oxaliplatin respectively. They found important use in treatment of mesothelioma . They work at all stage of cell cycle and impair cellular DNA synthesis as well as transcption (Siddik, 2002). Cisplatin is used to treat lung and testicular cancers. Other alkylation agents include chlorambucil, mechlorethamine, ifosfamide and cyclophosphamide as well as procarbazine and bulsulphan. Alkylation agents are effective at all stage of cell cycle making them useful in treating wide range of cancer especially the slow growing ones like solid tumor and leukemia (Pizzo Poplack, 2006) All share biochemical mechanism although they may differ in their clinical effects. The significance of alkylation agents is not only seen in treatment of leukemia, lymphomas and solid tumors. They are also found significant in the treatment of non neoplastic conditions such as cyclophosphamide use in treatment of autoimmune disease . Pulse dose cyclophosphamide is used in lupus nephritis and other conditions like Wegener’s granulomatosis, multiple sclerosis and rheumatoid arthritis (Siddik, 2002). They are not however free of side effects especially after prolonged use and these include amenorrhea (cessation of menses), oligospermia (reduction in sperm count) as well as secondary cancers such as acute myelogenous leukemia (Pizzo Poplack, 2006). General classification of alkylating chemotherapeutic agents ? Non-specifically acting agents: They crosslink guanine nucleobases present in double helix of DNA and by so doing stop tumor proliferation. ? Agents that need activation : This includes cyclophosphamide which needs in-vovo conversion to active product ? Biakylating and Monoakylating agents: The biakylating agents are capable of reacting with two 7-N guanine residues. When these residues are in different DNA strands, there is resulting crosslinkage of DNA strands and this makes DNA double helix to fail to uncoil (Siddik, 2002). However, when the two guanine moieties are in same base strands, what occurs is known as limpet association of DNA to the drug molecule. Example of biakylating agent is Bulsuphan . On the contrary, monoakylating agents are only capable of reacting with one 7-N of guanine molecule. ? Classical alkylation agents: These are termed alkyl groups and they include three subgroups which are: (a) the nitrogen mustards which include mephalan, ifosfamide, uramustine, chlorambucil, mechlorethamine and cyclophosphamide b) The nitrosoureas which are carmustine, streptozocin and lomustine c) the alkyl sulphonates such as bulsuphan. ? Alkylation-like agents: They lack alkyl group but destroy DNA. They are regarded as alkylation-like as they coordinate to DNA so as to interrupt DNA repair permanently. They are the platinum based drugs such as cisplatin,oxaliplatin and carboplatin. They also bind at N7 position of guanine (Siddik, 2002) ? The Non-classical: Certain categories are termed non-classical such as altremine and procarbazine. Furthermore, sometimes the platinum based drugs are also regarded as non-classical. Nitrogen Mustards The nitrogen mustards are a group of DNA alkylation agents which are not specific . They are cytotoxic and have similar qualities to mustard gas, hence utilized as medicinal and chemical warfare agents. Nitrogen mustards stockpiled by many countries in WW II serve as potent and useful blister agents. Nitrogen mustards suppress bone marrow production of red blood cells. The first nitrogen mustard developed was mustine with anti-neoplastic chemotherapeutic value. Other examples of alkylation agents in nitrogen mustard family are mephalan, cholambucil, cyclophosphamide, uramustine and ifosfomide (Siddik, 2002). The likes of Bis (2-chloroethyl) ethylamine and Tris (2-choloroethlamine) are few nitrogen mustards used in chemical warfare. Nitrogen mustard’s mode of action involves formation of aziridinium or cyclic aminium ion when the amine nitrogen displaces chloride at intermolecular level. This is then followed by alkylation of DNA centers by the azidirium group (Siddik, 2002). Malfunctioning of alkylation DNA is usual during replication (Pizzo Poplack, 2006). They prevent cell division and by so doing cause abnormal base pairing. Also it is possible that more than a single alkylation groups may exist in each molecule . In order words, these therapeutically useful alkylation agents are either bialkylating or polyalkylating agents (Siddik, 2002). The damaging effect is comparable to that which is seen with exposure of genetic material to radiation making it radiometric. Earlier, nitrogen mustards have been shown to form interstrand crosslinks (ICLs) and this formation takes place between N-7 of guanine residue in a 5†²-d (GC) sequence, although it was later discovered that nitrogen mustards form a 1,3 Interstrand crosslinks in the 5†²-d (GNC) sequence (Siddik, 2002). For instance, cyclophosphamide (cytophosphane), a nitrogen mustard arise from oxazophorine group and exhibits their chemotherapeutic effects by its nitrogen mustard metabolite,phosphoramide which form both interstrand and intrastrand crosslinkages at N-7 position of guanine molecule causing cell death. Cyclophosphamide metabolite is usually produced in cell with low amount of ALDH. References Pizzo, P. A Poplack, D. G. (2006). Principles and practice of pediatric oncology. Lippincott Williams Wilkins. pp. 310-320. Siddik, Z. H (2002)Mechanism of action of Cancer chemotherapeutic agents; DNA-Interactive alkylation agents and Antitumor platinum based Drugs. Retrieved On August 15,2010 from http://webcache. googleusercontent. com/search? q=cache:brnWwlXCLnIJ:hasdl. kau. edu. sa/encyclopedia/2/h6%2520archive/17. pdf+Mechanisms+of+Action+of+Cancer+Chemotherapeutic+Agents:+DNA-Interactive+Alkylating+Agents+and+Antitumour+Platinum-Based+Drugs+by+Zahid+H. +Siddikcd=1hl=enct=clnk How to cite Alkylation agents as Chemotherapeutic agents, Papers

Rough Draft Science report 2 Essay Example For Students

Rough Draft Science report 2 Essay Have you ever wondered how galaxies were made? What type of galaxy the Milky Way is? How many different types of galaxies there are? Well, after this, you will know. In the universe there are 4 main types of galaxies. Spiral, Elliptical, Irregular and Lenticular. The first galaxy, and the most popular, is called a Spiral Galaxy. If you see a picture of a galaxy, its probably a spiral. Our galaxy, the Milky Way, is also a spiral. It is divided into two parts. The Spiral and Barred Spiral. The Spiral has a nucleus with arms of millions of stars that spiral around it. The galaxy is made up of two parts, spheroidal and flat. This is what a spiral galaxy looks like. (Point to poster). The spiral has two parts of its own. Population 1 and Population 2. Population 1 is a large flat disk that often contains a lot of interstellar matter. That means it has a lot of dust and rubble in it. And population 2 is an open star cluster that is sometimes arranged in spiral patterns or bar structures. The barred spiral galaxy is the second type of spiral galaxies. It is a spiral galaxy with a bar of stars though the middle. It has the same composition but a different appearance. The second type of galaxies is the elliptical galaxy. (Point to poster). It is probably the most old of the galaxies. It changes in shape from spherical to flattened disks but mostly ellipsoidal shape. It has a smooth structure with bright center and doesnt have spiral arms. They consist of a rotating spheroid of old stars. They do not rotate as a whole. Normally, elliptical galaxies contain very little interstellar matter or sometimes none at all. They mostly consist of Population 2 stars also. The third type is the irregular galaxy. It has no particular shape and is usually smaller and fainter then other galaxies. Some astronomers think the shape of irregular galaxies are from an explosion in the center of the galaxy. There are two main types: the mangellanic type and the nonmangellic type. The mangellic type is emplified by the clouds of Magellan and the nonmangellic type is characterized by a chaotic pattern of dust lanes overlaying a smooth structure. The last type is the Lenticular. It is not as common or important as the other three but is still a galaxy. These galaxies are pretty much, spiral galaxies without a spiral structure. They are mainly Population two stars. They are smooth disk galaxies, where stellar formation has stopped long ago because the interstellar matter was used up. .

The Last Supper by Leonardo Davinci Essay Example For Students

The Last Supper by Leonardo Davinci Essay The renaissance marked a point in time in which it was the most advanced society had ever been. The renaissance sparked a revolution in art. Artwork became more realistic. Although religious topics continued to be a dominant subject matter, artists used linear perspective, greater facial expressions, and three-dimensional techniques to make paintings more realistic. The Last Supper by Leonardo Dad Vinci, created during the Renaissance, exhibits many of those values from that period, including the portrayal of religious subjects and the use of a realistic style and perspective. We will write a custom essay on The Last Supper by Leonardo Davinci specifically for you for only $16.38 $13.9/page Order now Leonardo was born on April 15, 1452 in Vinci, Italy (Louvre). Leonardo father was 25 and his name was San Piper and his mother was a peasant named Catering. After Leonardo birth, his father took custody and his mother went on and married someone else. Leonardo had ended up with a total of 17 half brothers and sisters (Leonardo Dad Vinci Paintings). He had access to many scholarly texts while growing up. He also grew up amidst Vines long tradition of art (Renaissance). At the age of 1 5, Leonardo became an apprentice at Andrea del Overreach in Florence. Even though he was an apprentice, he was better than his master. In 1477, he left his apprenticeship and opened his own shop(Renaissance). Looking to make some money, he entered the service of the Duke Ludicrous Sports and duchess Beatrice detest of Milan in 1482. He spent 17 years in their service, painting, sculpting, and designing weapons, buildings, and machinery. During those years his artistic and scientific achievements peaked. While in the service of the Duke and the Duchess, he studied nature, aviation, mathematics, and engineering, including designing the churches and fortresses. He also designed weapons, including tanks and submarines. In addition, he studied anatomy, producing many sketches of the human form. He was interested in so many things, that he usually didnt finish what he started. One exception to this is The Last Supper (Renaissance). In 1495, the Duke commissioned him to paint The Last Supper (Leonardo Dad Vines Life). The painting is fairly big, measuring about xx Ft. It is a mural, which means it was painted directly on a wall. This mural was painted on a dining hall in a monastery in Milan, Italy (Louvre). He drew upon his skills as an inventor and decided to paint it on a dry wall rather than on wet plaster. This means that the minting is not a true fresco. A fresco requires the artist to work on the painting continuously until it is done. He instead used geese to seal the wall to give him more time to work on the project and not have to do so continuously. He preserved the painting with tempera, but his method did not work well. The painting began deteriorating soon after it was completed (Louvre). The painting, which took Leonardo three years to complete, represents the scene of Jesus last supper with his apostles as described in the Bible. At the supper, he told his apostles that one of them would betray him. The faces of the individuals in the painting exhibit their realistic emotions in response to this announcement. Each of group on the left consists of Bartholomew, James and Andrew. They are all surprised. The next group includes Judas, Simon, and John. In one hand Judas is holding the bag of silver that he received for betraying Jesus and in his other hand, he is reaching for a piece of bread which represents Chrisms body in the Bible. In the Bible Jesus said that the first man to share bread with him would betray him. Simon is holding a knife which foreshadows the incident when he chopped of a mans ear defending Jesus. .u64c6601a58439b06da663f1676c54032 , .u64c6601a58439b06da663f1676c54032 .postImageUrl , .u64c6601a58439b06da663f1676c54032 .centered-text-area { min-height: 80px; position: relative; } .u64c6601a58439b06da663f1676c54032 , .u64c6601a58439b06da663f1676c54032:hover , .u64c6601a58439b06da663f1676c54032:visited , .u64c6601a58439b06da663f1676c54032:active { border:0!important; } .u64c6601a58439b06da663f1676c54032 .clearfix:after { content: ""; display: table; clear: both; } .u64c6601a58439b06da663f1676c54032 { display: block; transition: background-color 250ms; webkit-transition: background-color 250ms; width: 100%; opacity: 1; transition: opacity 250ms; webkit-transition: opacity 250ms; background-color: #95A5A6; } .u64c6601a58439b06da663f1676c54032:active , .u64c6601a58439b06da663f1676c54032:hover { opacity: 1; transition: opacity 250ms; webkit-transition: opacity 250ms; background-color: #2C3E50; } .u64c6601a58439b06da663f1676c54032 .centered-text-area { width: 100%; position: relative ; } .u64c6601a58439b06da663f1676c54032 .ctaText { border-bottom: 0 solid #fff; color: #2980B9; font-size: 16px; font-weight: bold; margin: 0; padding: 0; text-decoration: underline; } .u64c6601a58439b06da663f1676c54032 .postTitle { color: #FFFFFF; font-size: 16px; font-weight: 600; margin: 0; padding: 0; width: 100%; } .u64c6601a58439b06da663f1676c54032 .ctaButton { background-color: #7F8C8D!important; color: #2980B9; border: none; border-radius: 3px; box-shadow: none; font-size: 14px; font-weight: bold; line-height: 26px; moz-border-radius: 3px; text-align: center; text-decoration: none; text-shadow: none; width: 80px; min-height: 80px; background: url(https://artscolumbia.org/wp-content/plugins/intelly-related-posts/assets/images/simple-arrow.png)no-repeat; position: absolute; right: 0; top: 0; } .u64c6601a58439b06da663f1676c54032:hover .ctaButton { background-color: #34495E!important; } .u64c6601a58439b06da663f1676c54032 .centered-text { display: table; height: 80px; padding-left : 18px; top: 0; } .u64c6601a58439b06da663f1676c54032 .u64c6601a58439b06da663f1676c54032-content { display: table-cell; margin: 0; padding: 0; padding-right: 108px; position: relative; vertical-align: middle; width: 100%; } .u64c6601a58439b06da663f1676c54032:after { content: ""; display: block; clear: both; } READ: Leonardo Di Ser Piero Da Vinci Essay PaperJohn the one that looks like a women, appears to be fainting. The third group is made up of Thomas, James, and Phillip who all appear shocked. The fourth group consists of Matthew, Jude, and Simon who seem to be discussing the matter. The Last Supper uses perspective for a three-dimensional effect. Leonardo used one point perspective. This perspective involves all parallel lines converging in one place called the vanishing point. This method makes the picture proportional and places emphasis on the object at the vanishing point(Rivals 2). Jesus face is at the center of the vanishing point representing his importance. Additionally, the painting uses balance, grouping the apostles in four equal groups of three with Jesus in the middle. There were also three windows. Three represents the holy trinity (Leonardo Dad Vines Life). Leonardo representation of The Last Supper differed from earlier portrayals of the meal in a number of ways. Earlier depictions did not include Judas in the group. He was always off to the side. In Leonardo version, he is including in the group, but placed in a shadow. Earlier paintings also put halos around the apostles heads, but Leonardo chose to make it more realistic and left the halos off. Finally, the irrespective of Leonardo version improved on the odd looking perspectives used in earlier paintings such as the painting by Deduce in which it looks as if the table is on its side. Leonardo The Last Supper is a good example of a Renaissance piece of art because it shows many Renaissance values like portrayal of religious subjects and the use of a realistic style and perspective. The painting is three-dimensional and the figures show realistic emotions. All the subtle secrets you can see in the painting are very fascinating. The Renaissance has been one of the most interesting and smartest times in mankind.

Free Essays on Intellectual Truth

For this particular text, I don't suggest you read it online. In fact I recommend that you print it out (which explains the mundane colours) and read it slowly. Devouring every word. If I have misused the English language, I apologize. If I have overlooked brevity and droned on instead, please forgive me. In any case, I present: The Intellectual Truth 1) The Theory of Evolution versus The Fact of Creation. Although, evolution is now classified as biology; a scientific study, I still conceive the theory of evolution as purely philosophy. Charles Darwin is no more a biologist than he is a philosopher. I am urged to remind you that the phrase is, ‘the theory of evolution.’ There is no Law of Evolution and there are Laws of Motion and there is no Darwinian Law as there are Newtonian Laws. Time and time again, along the years it seems science and the Laws, not theories but Laws of Mathematical Probability have disproved Darwin’s published thoughts concerning the origin of complex life on Earth. It has been brought to our attention that Charles Darwin had doubts about his own work, however he died believing his theory. "As by this theory, innumerable transitional forms must have existed. Why do we not find them imbedded in the crust of the earth? Why is nature not in confusion instead of being as we see them; well defined species?" asked the great man himself, perhaps as a rhetorical question as he did not recant his theory. The answer, as the website ishipress.com/creation.htm wrote is easy enough to be answered by any kindergartener, â€Å"Genesis 1:1 In the beginning God created the heaven and the earth.† However, Christian though he was he chose to publish a possibility that could not be ruled out, at least, at that time. Science has advanced too much along the centuries to still grasp on to the philosophy of old that they used to call science. Mathematics proves that not only is it impossible for a SINGLE organism... Free Essays on Intellectual Truth Free Essays on Intellectual Truth For this particular text, I don't suggest you read it online. In fact I recommend that you print it out (which explains the mundane colours) and read it slowly. Devouring every word. If I have misused the English language, I apologize. If I have overlooked brevity and droned on instead, please forgive me. In any case, I present: The Intellectual Truth 1) The Theory of Evolution versus The Fact of Creation. Although, evolution is now classified as biology; a scientific study, I still conceive the theory of evolution as purely philosophy. Charles Darwin is no more a biologist than he is a philosopher. I am urged to remind you that the phrase is, ‘the theory of evolution.’ There is no Law of Evolution and there are Laws of Motion and there is no Darwinian Law as there are Newtonian Laws. Time and time again, along the years it seems science and the Laws, not theories but Laws of Mathematical Probability have disproved Darwin’s published thoughts concerning the origin of complex life on Earth. It has been brought to our attention that Charles Darwin had doubts about his own work, however he died believing his theory. "As by this theory, innumerable transitional forms must have existed. Why do we not find them imbedded in the crust of the earth? Why is nature not in confusion instead of being as we see them; well defined species?" asked the great man himself, perhaps as a rhetorical question as he did not recant his theory. The answer, as the website ishipress.com/creation.htm wrote is easy enough to be answered by any kindergartener, â€Å"Genesis 1:1 In the beginning God created the heaven and the earth.† However, Christian though he was he chose to publish a possibility that could not be ruled out, at least, at that time. Science has advanced too much along the centuries to still grasp on to the philosophy of old that they used to call science. Mathematics proves that not only is it impossible for a SINGLE organism...

Case Study Of Airbus for Supply Chain Management Free Solution

The aerospace industry has recorded a consecutive increase in the sales continuously from last three years. Supply chain management is becoming the key element for the development of the aviation industry (Gopalakrishnan et al. 2012). The complexities and risk factors mainly lie in the section of supply and management of the company. This report is made to focus on the importance of supply chain management in an organization for its smooth and reliable operation. In consideration of the globally established value chain analysis among the aerospace industry involves the completion of the customer requirements. There is no violation of this aspect in case of the Airbus. The production network is combing several factors: functions of the suppliers, transporters, retailers, manufacturers, etc. Airbus is focusing on the wide process of outsourcing. This aspect is totally related to the supply chain management of the organization (Khajavi, Partanen and Holmstrom 2014). The example of value chain analysis can be explained by: Airbus and Boeing together has introduced B787 and A350XWB, which involves more complex work packages in comparison with the previous programs, though it is used to reduce the time and cost involved. The supply chain management is totally dependent on the working culture of the stakeholders of any organization. Airbus also provides importance to their employees for managing the value chain within the industry (Martinez-Jurado and Moyano-Fuentes 2014). The strategically involved suppliers and other stakeholders of the Airbus first examine the subsystems and crucial parts of the organization, this aspect builds good relationship with the suppliers, customers and the employees of the organization. Airbus launched packages according to the risk shared with the suppliers. The losses considered for the suppliers or external people involved in the organization are added with the cost involved in manufacturing the product or services. This aspect makes the suppliers more responsible with their work that involves the setting up of packages, and improvement of the scope of the work, etc. (Mena, Humphries and Choi 2013). The improvement of the working culture in Airbus, the management adds new programs for involving the experienced suppliers for getting better production. Airbus organization has taken up new initiatives to increase their supply chain resilience. In this organization, the supply chain process is quite complex, and disruption occurs due to resource constrains, quality and communication issues, environmental events and supplier's insolvency. From the following statistical graph, these illustrations can be better understood. (Source: Liu, Kasturiratne and Moser 2012, pp-585) The strategy management process of Airbus organization is as follows Figure 2: Supply Chain Management of Airbus (Source: Golicic and Davis 2012, pp-730) The major actors of Airbus' management process are suppliers, manufacturers, transporters, retailers, and customers. In the research and development center, the manufacturers use raw materials to produce the best quality of aircraft products to the customers (Aung and Chang 2014). The first tier suppliers assemble the major parts of the system such as engines, interior, gear, and avionics. The second level suppliers deliver the manufactured products. Whereas, the third level suppliers perform specific operations of the aircraft system. After analyzing the supply chain management of the Airbus organization, it can be stated that outsourcing of aircraft parts is not at all a cost effective way. In addition, outside manufacturers are not concerned to enforce security standards which can reduce the competitive strength of this organization in the global market. Therefore, a new supply chain management is proposed in the following section which can help for reliable and smooth operations. Figure 3: New Supply Chain Management for Airbus (Source: Fayezi, O'Loughlin and Zutshi 2012, pp-568) The above supply chain management model is the best-fitted option for Airbus Company, which not only manufactures the best quality of products but also streamline the entire system to reduce operational cost, to enhance the quality and to speed up the aerospace operations. Customer Relationship Management: This helps to manage to establish a healthy relationship with the customers by maintaining it with loyalty. Through this, the management authorities will be able to target and prioritize the best customers and their needs (Liu et al. 2014). This contributes to making perfect performance report to measure the profitability of the customers and financial impacts of the organization. Customer Service Management: Through this, real and single time of information can be provided to the customers such as order status, product availability and shipping dates. Demand Management: It is very crucial to maintain a fair balance between customers’ needs and organization’s capabilities (Huang et al. 2014). This process is related to the forecasting process including procurement, production, and distribution. Order Fulfillment: It is the key factor to make any supply chain management successful. Customers are the biggest asset if any organization and their needs should be prioritized at first. This process deals with manufacturing, marketing requirements and logistic operations (Mokasdar et al. 2014). These can help to meet the customer requirements by reducing the delivering cost to the consumers. Manufacturing Management: This is concerned with the product markings and its distribution over the network. It begins with team reviewing where marketing and corporate strategies are reviewed (Zhou et al. 2014). This will help to incorporate new technologies which are necessary for better operational flow.   Supplier Relationship Management: Suppliers are the ones who can give best quality aircraft products to the organization. Through this, the organization will be able to strategize the sourcing and manufacturing plans and can identify the service components which are crucial to making best aircraft system.   Product Development: Reviewing the sources and strategies is a major part to offer a new quality of products and services to the customers. This is very crucial to maintain customers’ loyalty. Return Investment: It is the last but most important part of the supply chain management process (Hou et al. 2014). This is very helpful to gain competitive advantages for the organization by reviewing the legal and environmental compliance guidelines. After reviewing the supply chain strategies of the Airbus Company, some of the challenges are identified which are described as follows In the manufactured products of Airbus organization proper security standards are missing (Cousins et al. 2015). This creates a negative impact on the customer confidence as well as brand reputation. Day to day increase in the fuel price creates negative impacts on the economic performance of the organization. More dependency on the external suppliers can reduce the competitive strengths of the organization in the global market. The absence of proper R&D standard products and lack of environmental standards in the aircraft system can increase the environmental pollution (Lawson et al. 2015). New entries in the market can challenge the organization from technical as well as quality front ends. (Source: Petersen et al. 2015, pp-15) Supply chain management is concerned with the flow of information and products among the members of the supply chain. Information technology also plays the vital role in relation to the supply chain management. There is no exception with Airbus in this case (Handfield et al. 2015). Airbus examined that, information, which is the main element in the case of the supply chain management is most of the time overlooked by the members of the supply chain. The infrastructure and capabilities of the IT provide aggressive positioning of the business initiatives: cycle implementation, cycle time reduction, etc. Airbus follows three core ideologies for implementation of the IT infrastructure in the value chain: making the customer satisfied, management of the information among the value chain, setting up new IT infrastructure for handling the information in the better way (Turner et al. 2014). Airbus introduces the elements of the IT infrastructure for the developing the supply chain within the organization: input-output devices, media for storage, software and hardware support for the maintenance system, etc. An unmanaged supply chain is not intrinsically stable. The variation in demands of the customers increases, when one rise in the supply chain. Small changes in the customer demands will make the variation on the orders placed. Ultimately the network of the industry will oscillate in a large range (Woodward et al. 2014). This happens because the problems within the organization get reduced by the from the perspective of the supply chain management. This phenomenon is known as the Bullwhip Effect. Aerospace industry also faces this issue like other industries. The main reasons for the Bullwhip effects are: overreaction to the backlogs, inventory reduction for the neglecting the orders, lack of communication for making the supply chain down, coordination problem, delay time introduces by material flow, matching of the orders, inaccuracies of the demand forecasting (Madenas et al. 2014). The above mentioned factors are also maintained by the Airbus. The Airbus is aware of managing the ef fect of Bullwhip within the organization, which improvise their competitiveness. Table 2: Forecasting Of Airbus Organization (Source: Aung and Chang 2014, pp-180) According to the statistics presented in the above table, it can be said that in the next 20 years, this organization will provide its aviation services will be served to many customers all over the world. People from all over the world can have access to the flying services both physically and economically. From 2015 to 2034, all total 32,600 aircraft products will be delivered to the customers with larger aircraft including A350, A330, and A380. (Source: Subramanian and Gunasekaran 2015, pp-220) Managers of Airbus organization should adopt the supply chain metric process to measure the complexity lies in the sourcing ad management platforms of the company. Supply Chain Metrics is very useful to capture the performance lack across the supply chain. In order to determine the relationship between chain performance and corporate performance, supply chain metrics is very crucial, as it can align the organizational logistic operations with new model implementations (Huang et al. 2014). As a result, company's growth can be increased regarding larger revenue growth. The upstream and downstream process of Airbus organization is as follows Figure 5: Upstream and Downstream Process of Airbus (Source: Golicic and Davis 2012, pp-180) In the upstream process, the aircraft product manufacturers take the raw materials from the suppliers before delivering it to the customer. In the downstream process, products are properly manufactured to be provided to the customers. After evaluating the current supply chain operation of Airbus organization, implementation of SCRM inside the organization is very necessary to mitigate the challenges from the grass root level (Musa et al. 2012). Figure 5: Supply Chain Risk Management (Source: Abubakar et al. 2012, pp-200) The SCRM model is very helpful to analyze the internal and external constraints in order to improve the undeveloped areas of the organization. At first, the risk is identified, then it is evaluated and at last, some best solutions are found out to mitigate these problems. According to the research done on the developmental perspective of the aerospace industry, it is noted that there is a huge growth opportunity for the aerospace industry if the OEMs improve the supply needs for accomplishing the customer needs. On this aspect, new supply chain management model is proposed for Airbus organization to mitigate its internal as well as external challenges. This model can help the organization to provide the best quality of products and services to the customers by reviewing all the marketing and corporate strategies. In turn, this will help to improve the current situation of the organization in an advanced way.    Alfalla-Luque, R., Medina-Lopez, C. and Schrage, H., 2013. A study of supply chain integration in the aeronautics sector.  Production Planning & Control,  24(8-9), pp.769-784. Aung, M.M. and Chang, Y.S., 2014. Traceability in a food supply chain: Safety and quality perspectives.  Food control,  39, pp.172-184. Fayezi, S., O'Loughlin, A. and Zutshi, A., 2012. Agency theory and supply chain management: a structured literature review.  Supply chain management: an international journal,  17(5), pp.556-570. Golicic, S.L. and Davis, D.F., 2012. Implementing mixed methods research in supply chain management.  International Journal of Physical Distribution & Logistics Management,  42(8/9), pp.726-741. Gopalakrishnan, K., Yusuf, Y.Y., Musa, A., Abubakar, T. and Ambursa, H.M., 2012. Sustainable supply chain management: A case study of British Aerospace (BAe) Systems.  International Journal of Production Economics,140(1), pp.193-203. Handfield, R.B., Cousins, P.D., Lawson, B. and Petersen, K.J., 2015. How Can Supply Management Really Improve Performance? A Knowledgeà ¢Ã¢â€š ¬Ã‚ Based Model of Alignment Capabilities.  Journal of Supply Chain Management,51(3), pp.3-17. Khajavi, S.H., Partanen, J. and Holmstrà ¶m, J., 2014. Additive manufacturing in the spare parts supply chain.  Computers in Industry,  65(1), pp.50-63. Lavastre, O., Gunasekaran, A. and Spalanzani, A., 2014. Effect of firm characteristics, supplier relationships and techniques used on supply chain risk management (SCRM): an empirical investigation on French industrial firms.  International Journal of Production Research,  52(11), pp.3381-3403. Lengnick-Hall, M.L., Lengnick-Hall, C.A. and Rigsbee, C.M., 2013. Strategic human resource management and supply chain orientation.  Human Resource Management Review,  23(4), pp.366-377. Liu, P., Huang, S.H., Mokasdar, A., Zhou, H. and Hou, L., 2014. The impact of additive manufacturing in the aircraft spare parts supply chain: supply chain operation reference (scor) model based analysis.  Production Planning & Control,  25(13-14), pp.1169-1181. Liu, S., Kasturiratne, D. and Moizer, J., 2012. A hub-and-spoke model for multi-dimensional integration of green marketing and sustainable supply chain management.  Industrial Marketing Management,  41(4), pp.581-588. Madenas, N., Tiwari, A., Turner, C.J. and Woodward, J., 2014. Information flow in supply chain management: A review across the product lifecycle.CIRP Journal of Manufacturing Science and Technology,  7(4), pp.335-346. Martà ­nez-Jurado, P.J. and Moyano-Fuentes, J., 2014. Lean management, supply chain management and sustainability: a literature review.  Journal of Cleaner Production,  85, pp.134-150. Mena, C., Humphries, A. and Choi, T.Y., 2013. Toward a Theory of Multià ¢Ã¢â€š ¬Ã‚ Tier Supply Chain Management.  Journal of Supply Chain Management,  49(2), pp.58-77. Narasimhan, R., Narayanan, S. and Srinivasan, R., 2013. An investigation of justice in supply chain relationships and their performance impact.  Journal of Operations Management,  31(5), pp.236-247. Subramanian, N. and Gunasekaran, A., 2015. Cleaner supply-chain management practices for twenty-first-century organizational competitiveness: Practice-performance framework and research propositions.  International Journal of Production Economics,  164, pp.216-233.

LGBTQ blog post Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 500 words

LGBTQ blog post - Essay Example The plight of homosexuals has continued to roll over the decades and even the 21st century is seemingly no different. The social stigmatization that homosexuals receive in the contemporary society cannot be overlooked. Immediately one is identified as a gay or lesbian that becomes the genesis of their stigmatization. Many people even in the countries that boast of being developed still view lesbians and gays as malevolent and a lot of dereliction is directed to them. Different people have postulated unfounded opinions and judgments concerning homosexuality. Some think it is a developmental problem that has psychological contributions. Others have had several questions unanswered concerning the issue of homosexuality. â€Å"†¦..what factors contributed to its purported prevalence? Was it a holdover of primitive instincts usually found only in ‘uncivilized’ groups? Or was it an effect of modern life?’’ (Kaufman and Terry 27). These demonstrate how much people have pondered about the issue which has resulted into faulty perceptions about the gay and lesbian people as w ell as the transgender. With different persons coming up with diverse explanations, stigma and disgrace has been the order of the day in the homosexual world. As reported in the International Journal of Sexual Studies, gay parents are more susceptible to stigmatization. The outcome of this empirical study conducted to determine the extent of social stigmatization of the gay parents revealed much more that what had been hypothesized. People tend to look at the gay parents as ‘undeserving’ parents who are misleading examples to the society. It is not any news to hear that some countries have declared homosexuality illegal and that those found oriented to this sexual bearing should be sentenced to death. Uganda is one of the countries that surprised the world by its coarse laws

Reaction paper Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 250 words - 25

Reaction paper - Essay Example While moving around the camp he mentions the presence of a swimming pool but he fails to see the size of the swimming pool carefully enough. Cole is suggestive that the inmates were allowed to use a swimming pool the size of an ordinary carpet rug. Given that Auschwitz housed thousands of people at the same time, it seems strange to notice that a swimming pool would be available to serve them. Instead, it seems more likely that the camp’s senior most staff would have been allowed to use the swimming pool. In a similar manner, much of the evidence presented by Cole is weak and circumstantial. Another major allegation by Cole is the absence of millions of human bodies in mass graves to prove Auschwitz gruesome nature. An entire Polish army worth of officers terminated by the Soviets in the Second World War were only found a couple of years ago in a remote Siberian forest. In a similar manner this secret has been well hidden enough to escape the scrutiny of time. However, it is undeniable that the Third Reich was able to consume millions of innocent people because these people were never seen or heard from again. Trying to discredit the holocaust based on a gas chamber in a concentration camp hardly lends credence to any

18th Amendment Congress Essay Example for Free

18th Amendment Congress Essay Congress is who was involved with the 18th amendment which was ratified on January 16th 1919 and went into effect on January 16th, 1920. This amendment was signed in Washington by congress. The 18th amendment prohibits the sale, consumption, distribution, import, and export of all liquors. During the world war prohibitionists made it seem patriotic to conserve grain for the war effort and not to make alcohol. The prohibitionists thought that a sober soldier was a good soldier and a sober factory worker was a good factory worker. Section 1: states that, after one year from the ratification of this article the manufacture, sale, or transportation of intoxicating liquors within, the importation thereof into, or the exportation thereof from the United States and all territory subject to the jurisdiction thereof for beverage purposes is hereby prohibited. Section 2: the congress and several states shall have concurrent power to enforce this article by appropriate legislation. Section 3: this article shall be inoperative unless it shall have been ratified as an amendment to the constitution by legislatures of the several states, as provided in the constitution, within seven years from the date of the submission hereof to the states by the congress. After the 18th amendment was in effect underground bars called speakeasies were built. By 1927 there were more than 30,000 speakeasies around the country. Famous gangsters like Al Capone made over 100,000 dollars a year. The Volstead act was crucial to the success of the 18th amendment. It gave the federal government enforcing ability. Also it defined criminal penalties except for medicinal or religious ceremony use. The levels considered intoxicating were 0.5% anything over that limit was illegal. From 1911 to 1929 deaths caused by cirrhosis of the liver in men dropped to 10.7 men per 100,000 from 29.5 men per 100,000. By the end of the 1920s there were more alcoholics and illegal drinking than before prohibition. To undo one constitutional amendment it takes another one to undo it. The 21st amendment which is the first and so far the only amendment to restore rights that were taken away from a previous amendment. In 1932 both parties called for the 18th amendment to be repealed. In 1933 congress passed a resolution proposing the repeal. After prohibition was repealed the separate states were the ones that had to govern their own alcohol laws. Most states made the legal age 21 but some states had the age be only 18. No national drinking age existed until 1984 when the national minimum drinking age act was passed. I do not think this amendment should be brought back because it caused many problems and it was almost impossible to enforce. In conclusion, the 18th amendment caused too many problems and should never be brought back because of everything that went wrong.

Communism Vs Democracy :: Essays Papers

Communism Vs Democracy â€Å"The Old Man and The Sea† Essay Ernest Hemingway, in The Old Man and The Sea, wrote a book about a man with little wealth and little friends, but this man has a very high goal, which he wants to accomplish even if it means he might die in the process. In this story Ernest Hemingway describes struggles between life and death. Those struggles still exist in life today, and people from all over the world try to face them day in and day out. Struggles and obstacles in life are different for everyone. Some overcome them, some fail, but most at least try and succeed in getting the one thing they really want, their goal in life. Santiago is the name of that man which Ernest Hemingway describes in the story. Santiago is an old fisherman, who has nothing left except his strength and a boat with a harpoon and fishing wire. The obstacles that Santiago faces are unlike any that most people in this world are facing now. His obstacles are so close to death that it is unimaginable to an ordinary person. Santiago faces them with no ease, but he faces them for no fame or glory. He faces them because of his pride. A person cannot have pride for accomplishing nothing in life. A person has pride when they achieve something so great in their life that you are proud of your own accomplishment, and that something is a persons’ goal. Santiago’s goal is to catch â€Å"The Fish† of his life. That fish is his life and he will do anything to accomplish it. A person has to achieve his goal in order to have pride in them selves. Pride means everything and nothing to people. To some it’s a way of life, t o some it’s something that matters so little that they would rather skip it and do something else. Those people that really do care about their goals, they are successive in life, because they planned and went ahead with their dreams. Those that through out every single opportunity that they got to even try to succeed on it, or just never bothered to try are probably in a shelter for the poor. Without goals there are no dreams, without dreams there is no hope, and with out hope there is no life. Ernest Hemingway used very clever ways to compare life and death between one thing.

Citizenship in America Essay

U.S. citizens are lucky. We have freedom of speech, freedom of religion and many more rights. Citizenship can mean different things to different people. Who a country defines as its citizens may differ in different times and different places. In general, we know that citizenship belongs to a person who lives in a certain country and has certain rights. Yet, I believe that the true essence of citizenship lies in the duty to help solve problems.   In the United States, the idea of citizenship has evolved over time. For instance, in 1776, most blacks, Indians and white women had no right to vote. They had to struggle to become full citizens. The right and responsibility to vote came after a long and hard fight. Studying history is a key part of effective citizenship because from people in the past, we learn examples of good citizenship. One very good example of good citizenship was that shown by Jane Addams. Even at age six in 1866, she was an initiator and she wanted to change her world. During that time, she got this remark from Theodore Roosevelt, president from 1901 to 1909, that Addams became â€Å"the most useful citizen.† When she was 29 years old, Addams bought a large, old house called the Hull House in a poor immigrant area of Chicago. They soon learned that Addams wanted to help poor people solve the problems they faced. At Hull House, immigrants could learn English. Working parents could even leave their babies there during the day and the children were encouraged to take art classes. She also made the house available for family gatherings, weddings and other events. Addams raised money herself to pay for these programs. She also tried to change the government and often she worked in campaigns for people running for office whom she believed had honest intentions. She also wrote letters to members of Congress. She went to meetings to support giving women the right to vote. She lead marches to support laws ending the use of child labor in factories. She also tried to influence the government. In fact, people today can still petition, or try to influence the policies of government. Petitioning is one of the basic rights of all citizens protected by the United States Constitution. When garbage filled up the alleys near Hull House, she was worried that the piles of trash may cause disease and death among the children in the neighborhood. So, she did something none of us would ever think of—she applied a job as a garbage inspector. Thus, she was able to follow those garbage wagons all the way to the dumping site just to be sure that garbage is properly disposed. Addams was good citizenship personified. In my own way, I want to do the same thing as Addams did. Starting from my own home, I can begin helping my parents in cleaning our surroundings. I can also do some volunteer work in our community during weekends when there are no exams in school. Volunteer work can be fun especially when I mobilize my other friends to join in. I am sure they will be open to make themselves useful, in our own small way, in making a difference to the world out there. In my own small way, I can learn from people of the past how it is to exercise good citizenship. Making the community look good is a part of good citizenship. In fact, the community is a setting that provides much potential for helping and learning at the same time. Libraries, museums, and many places are rich sources of exercising good citizenship. For afterall, citizenship requires initiative, courage and sacrifice. As Jane Addams said, â€Å"Progress is not automatic; the world grows better because people wish that it should and take the right steps to make it better.† REFERENCES Jane Addams 1860-1935. Retrieved Oct. 10, 2006 at: http://www.webster.edu/~woolflm/janeadams.html#childhood Wikipedia. Jane Addams. Retrieved Oct. 10, 2006 at: http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Jane_Addams Women Working. Jane   Addams. Retrieved Oct. 10, 2006 at: http://ocp.hul.harvard.edu/ww/people_addams.html

Code of ethics on Work Essay

A. Develop an applicable standards and procedures section that includes four elements of acceptable or unacceptable behavior found in a code of ethics. Acceptable Standards 1.Integrity- We will always do what we say and say what we do. We must always be consistent, credible and act with integrity. Employee’s actions should maintain high integrity in all activity related to this organization. 2.Diversity- Our culture is based on mutual respect and we value the differences that each employee brings to their position. Employees will treat others with respect and should build an environment of mutual respect. Employee differences and disagreements should always be handled peacefully and professionally. Employees will respect cultural and racial differences and work support an environment where all employees are respected for their contributions. 3.Open Communication- If you have questions, concerns or complaints, you are encouraged to talk to your manager. We value you as an employee and want to ensure that each employee’s working environment is pleasant, productive and that your feedback is heard and acted upon. Should you prefer to speak to someone other than your manager, you can contact your Ombudsman at any time. 4.Accountability- Employees will take accountability for their actions and contributions to the business and should hold each other accountable for maintaining ethical behavior that is in line with our code of ethics. B. Develop a section that identifies at least three specific elements for an ethics training program. Ethics Training Program 1.Departmental Training- We require all departments to provide regular training to ensure understanding and awareness of corporate standards related to ethical decision making. Training should be focused on employee awareness of ethical standards and understanding and use of resources for  employees. These departmental training sessions will be manager or peer led sessions and will be done on a quarterly basis. 2.Annual Company Wide Training- We will require annual ethics training and certification for all employees. The training is required to be completed annually and will be mandatory to all employees. Manager bonus programs will be dependent on department/team participation. 3.Managerial Training- Managers will be required to be certified annually to show understanding and alignment with our existing ethics programs and any ongoing changes to the program. C. Develop a section that explains the processes for each of the following: 1. Monitoring employee misconduct 2. Auditing employee misconduct 3. Reporting employee misconduct Employee Misconduct Managers will be required to monitor employee conduct in several ways, including regular interaction, performance reviews and evaluation of quarterly surveys. Regular interaction with the team will ensure that managers are engaged in the over-sight of their department and able to interact and coach employees before issues escalate. Quarterly survey results will be used monitor employee conduct and behavior. These surveys will help to identify possible team issues and allow employees to share anonymous feedback on a regular basis. Surveys also give the employees the ability provide feedback on the department, manager or any issues that may be taking place as well as to leverage or engage human resources. Performance reviews will be used to coach through behavioral issues, including ethical issues as well as to monitor the professional growth, contribution and alignment with corporate and ethical goals. Executives will oversee the managers and will work to identify issues/conflict in their department through quarterly skip level interviews, anonymous reporting options, and access to cross segment feedback on individuals. Both Managers and Executives will be supported by corporate HR which will also have visibility and oversight into the employee feedback shared through various anonymous feedback sources. The Human resource  department should constantly look for early signs of ethical conflict with corporate standards with the goal of supporting a healthy environment. Both the HR department and the executive team shall have cross segment visibility and oversight into employee behavior with the goal of identifying risks to the corporate culture and standards. Auditing Employee Conduct Employee conduct will be audited via several means including but not limited to surveys, coaching, web training, employee performance reviews and anonymous reporting options. This will ensure corporate visibility and oversight into the adherence of employees to our ethical standards. These mechanisms will have a weighted score attached to the result as follows: †¢Quarterly Survey’s 15% †¢Managerial Coaching 30% †¢Web Training 15% †¢Employee performance review 30% †¢Anonymous reporting results 10% Web training and surveys will be tailored to gather specific data based on corporate priorities at the time of these actions. Managerial coaching sessions, employee performance reviews, and anonymous reporting will be used to audit employee support and adherence to our ethics program. Audit scoring will be on a 1 to10 point scale. The Human Resource department will compile the results and produce an enterprise wide report which shall be released quarterly. Departments that do not meet the standard of 90% or higher will need to create a plan of action. Managers, directors, and a representative of human resource will create a plan of action along with a timeline for remediation and this will be managed by the HR department. In addition, an outside auditor must review the ethics program annually to confirm that ethical standards are being followed and maintained as expected. Reporting Employee Misconduct All employees will have access to a corporate website, toll free phone number and an ombudsman that employees should use to report misconduct or  violations of the corporate ethics policy. In addition, managers may use all other corporate communication tools such as email, instant messenger or phone conversations to gain visibility to and to report misconduct. D. Develop a section that explains your plan to do the following: 1. Evaluate the effectiveness of the ethics program after implementation. 2. Provide suggestions to improve the ethics program after implementation. Ongoing Evaluation of our Ethics program During our annual third party audit, the auditing company will review the overall effectiveness of our ethics program to show annual performance trending from the previous year as well as a comparison to industry results. Upon completion of the third party evaluation, we will use the information to identify strengths and opportunities in our corporate ethics program which will be used to build the following years plan metrics and priorities. Ongoing Improvement of our Ethics Program We are a pay for performance organization and as such, Executive bonus plans will be tied to successful achievement of our corporate, ethical standards. Ten to thirty percent of Executive bonus plans will be paid at a multiplier of (2X) as long as the third party assessment shows 90% or greater achievement of corporate ethics targets. In addition, we will provide company wide, quarterly reports to share our performance with the employees and we will adjust key manager incentives to ensure alignment of departmental ethics goals to company goals.

The eNotes Blog Some Take-Aways from Twitters FictionFestival

Some Take-Aways from Twitters FictionFestival As promised in last weeks post on Twitters Fiction Festival, heres a round up of a few standouts of the online event, which finished this past Sunday. Four things I took away from the festival, besides learning how to read from the ground up: 1. My personal favorite was Andrew Pypers sinister adaptation of Thomas Hardys classic horror novel The Turn of the Screw. Only downside, should blare a massive SPOILER ALERT banner at the top of the account page. Do not ruin this story for yourself by reading the first few tweets! Scroll straight to the bottom of White House, which you can read in full  here. #socreepy 2. Another fantastic creative endeavor was writer Lucy Coats retelling of 100 myths in 100 tweets. Check out this pithy (and alliterative) summary of Odysseus encounter with the sirens, below: You can find a collection of many more of her mythical re-imaginings, including the tales of Leda and the Swan and Heracles, at her twitter account here. #pervyancientgreeks 3. Elliott Holts mystery tale had an interesting twist to it. The story was made up of tweets from a crowd of partygoers, unambiguous as to whether what they witnessed was a suicide, an accident, or murder. The multiple voices create an interesting, interwoven narration. Plus the self-centeredness and banality with which these characters tweet spins an interesting satire on the way we present our lives online for others amusement and approval. I think. Scroll down Holts twitter page to read this very interesting and suspenseful form of the classic murder mystery. #likecluebutbetter 4. Twit-Lit-Crit: so now that we have twitterature changing the form of storytelling, will literary criticism follow in the same vein? Carmel Doohan of Exeunt Magazine conveyed a critique of the weekend via a series of tweets, just like the authors had done themselves: Essentially a blank page where any text or format can be uploaded,  @storify  makes a bricolage of social media. On it the twitter fiction works, but when encountered on twitter itself it is frustrating; interruptions and RTs spoil the flow Yet there is something very modernist about it- interruptions incorporated into the fiction; remaining true to the fragmentation of reality Even the Guardian jumped into the fray, doling out self-effacing reviews in under 140 characters. It makes me wonder, like Doohan asks, will the twitter essay forever change the face of  criticism? Answers on a postcard. Did you have time to check out the Twitter Fiction Festival? If so, what were your take-aways?

Nurse Practitioners who have had a spanish for health care Research Proposal

Nurse Practitioners who have had a spanish for health care practitioners course will provide better subjective and objective ass - Research Proposal Example Contextually, it has emerged as a vital point of consideration for professionals to obtain differentiated advantages and attain better growth opportunities in the global context. Based on a similar notion, in nursing, language or rather the linguistic skills possessed by the nurses are determined as an important and beneficial attribute when aiming at better patient satisfaction (American College of Physicians, 2009). In today’s society, it is quite essential that what is transmitted by the nurse is effectively comprehended by the patients through effective communication. The role of communication in nursing profession is one of the significant aspects, where recent studies have depicted that many educated nurses face challenge to take care of the patients according to their requirements fundamentally because of linguistic barriers (Allen & Dip, 2007). Stating precisely, language skills play a significant role in the nursing profession which is quite essential in order to faci litate superior treatment to patients belonging from different ethnicity or cultural background. This enables the nurses to understand the needs of the patients more effectively as well as comprehend the information related to the healthcare with minimum chances of misinterpretation from the patients’ end. ... Statement of the Problem Based on the significance of language skills among nurses, the problem to be examined in this study will emphasise that whether nurse practitioners who have obtained the course of Spanish language will facilitate better treatment for the Spanish patients in comparison to those practitioners who do not possess Spanish language skills. The philosophy behind the identified problem or research issue has been based on the belief that communicating in similar language is likely to facilitate effective communication process between the nurse and the patient, confirming better quality healthcare services. In the present scenario of globalization, language has apparently emerged as an essential skill for the nurse practitioners owing to the fact that they need to handle patients belonging to different cultures and linguistic backgrounds. Thus, the research issue in concern denotes that a practitioner who does not have the knowledge of Spanish language will not able to provide necessary care to the Spanish patients. Significance of the Problem for Nursing and Health The problems concerning the communication skills of the nurse practitioners can be observed as quite crucial in the present day context. From a generalized perspective, it can be affirmed that nurses who do not have the knowledge of a particular language will not be able to deliver superior quality care to an individual who belongs to that particular linguistic background. Based on this assumption, this study will attempt to emphasize upon the communication gap resulting because of the linguistic differences existing between nurse practitioners and the patients in the modern day global healthcare sector. Hence, focusing upon the

Why is the dispute settlement body of the WTO so important,and how is Essay

Why is the dispute settlement body of the WTO so important,and how is it affecting the EU - Essay Example te resolution committee has so much power over domestic regulation and has contributed to its criticism in European countries and others that the organization has ruled against. This essay embark on analyzing the effectiveness of WTO dispute resolution in the EU vs. US Hormone Treated Beef Dispute, Asbestos Containing Product case and other effective role. The case of the European Communities on the issue of asbestos presented a big challenge to the World Trade Organization because the matter are relatively incline to domestic health and safety more than the synonymous of the constitution framework of WTO dispute resolution tribunal on free trade practices (Footer & ZIa-Zarifi, 2002). The use of asbestos as an industrial product date back over 100 years ago, but its effect on human health was document in the 19th Century when it deposits were found in products in Ural and Quebec in Canada (Footer & ZIa-Zarifi, 2002). It was found to have a considerable effect in human health by causing life threatening illness such as lung cancer, asbestosis, pneumoconiosis and Pleural cancer (Footer & ZIa-Zarifi, 2002). For this reason scholars and medical practitioner have called for control use of the product to minimize and mitigate the adverse effect of asbestos. France has restricted the importation of asbestos product from Canada as a result of the effect of the deadly carcinogen. Moreover, the country has provided favorable conditions to other commodities that came in the country from Canada and other countries. Therefore, Canada was aggrieved by the discrimination of it product and took the issue to the WTO dispute tribunal which upon hearing the case found France to have faulted the Article III: 4 of GATT regulations (Howse & Tuerk, n.d.). The economic situation of the period before the start of the Second World War was characterized by discrimination among trade partners where one country would export more goods and restrict others to access their own market in their